Image Watermarking Berbasis Algoritma Firefly Dengan Integer Wavelet Transform – Singular Value Decomposition

• ANJAHUL KHULUQ
• 14210199

---

ABSTRAK

ABSTRAK

Nama              : Anjahul Khuluq

NIM                 : 14210199

Program Studi : Ilmu Komputer

Fakultas          : Teknologi Informasi

Jenjang           : Strata Dua (S2)

Konsentrasi     : Software Engineering

Judul         : “Image Watermarking Berbasis Algoritma Firefly Dengan Integer Wavelet Transform – Singular Value Decomposition”

Penelitian ini mengusulkan metode baru watermarking gambar berbasis Firefly Optimization pada domain Inverse Wavelet Transform- Singular Value Decompotition dan telah dievaluasi pada delapan gambar uji. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan kualitas yang sangat baik dalam mempertahankan integritas dan ketahanan watermark pada berbagai gambar sampul. Metode ini berhasil mencapai nilai PSNR yang tinggi, menunjukkan kualitas ekstraksi watermark yang baik tanpa distorsi yang signifikan pada gambar sampul. Selain itu, hasil perbandingan dengan metode sebelumnya menunjukkan keunggulan dalam ketahanan terhadap serangan pada gambar-gambar uji. Dengan kinerja yang unggul dalam mempertahankan kualitas citra dan ketahanan terhadap serangan, metode yang diusulkan memiliki potensi yang menjanjikan dalam aplikasi watermarking untuk melindungi hak cipta dan keaslian gambar

KATA KUNCI

Image Watermarking,Firefly,IWT,SVD

---

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

[1] M. Khalili, “DCT-Arnold chaotic based watermarking using JPEG-YCbCr,” Optik (Stuttg), vol. 126, no. 23, pp. 4367–4371, 2015, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2015.08.042.

[2] F. Ernawan and D. Ariatmanto, “Image watermarking based on integer wavelet transform-singular value decomposition with variance pixels,” International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 2185–2195, Jun. 2019, doi: 10.11591/ijece.v9i3.pp2185-2195.

[3] P. Khare and V. K. Srivastava, “A novel dual image watermarking technique using homomorphic transform and DWT,” Journal of Intelligent Systems, vol. 30, no. 1, 2021, doi: 10.1515/jisys-2019-0046.

[4] A. Alzahrani, “Enhanced Invisibility and Robustness of Digital Image Watermarking Based on DWT-SVD,” Appl Bionics Biomech, vol. 2022, 2022, doi: 10.1155/2022/5271600.

[5] M. Hamidi, M. El Haziti, H. Cherifi, and M. El Hassouni, “A hybrid robust image watermarking method based on dwt-dct and sift for copyright protection,” J Imaging, vol. 7, no. 10, 2021, doi: 10.3390/jimaging7100218.

[6] I. A. Ansari and M. Pant, “Multipurpose image watermarking in the domain of DWT based on SVD and ABC,” Pattern Recognit Lett, vol. 94, 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.patrec.2016.12.010.

[7] A. Benoraira, K. Benmahammed, and N. Boucenna, “Blind image watermarking technique based on differential embedding in DWT and DCT domains,” EURASIP J Adv Signal Process, vol. 2015, no. 1, 2015, doi: 10.1186/s13634-015-0239-5.

[8] Y. Guo, B. Z. Li, and N. Goel, “Optimised blind image watermarking method based on firefly algorithm in DWT-QR transform domain,” IET Image Process, vol. 11, no. 6, 2017, doi: 10.1049/iet-ipr.2016.0515.

[9] A. Mishra, C. Agarwal, A. Sharma, and P. Bedi, “Optimized gray-scale image watermarking using DWT-SVD and Firefly Algorithm,” Expert Syst Appl, vol. 41, no. 17, pp. 7858–7867, Dec. 2014, doi: 10.1016/j.eswa.2014.06.011.

[10] F. Ernawan, M. Ramalingam, A. S. Sadiq, and Z. Mustaffa, “An improved imperceptibility and robustness of 4×4 DCT-SVD image watermarking using modified entropy,” Journal of Telecommunication, Electronic and Computer Engineering, vol. 9, no. 2–7, 2017.

[11] N. B. Zhu and J. G. Li, “A DCT-based robust watermarking using genetic algorithms,” Hunan Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Hunan University Natural Sciences, vol. 38, no. 4, 2011.

[12] S. P. Singh and G. Bhatnagar, “A new robust watermarking system in integer DCT domain,” J Vis Commun Image Represent, vol. 53, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.jvcir.2018.03.006.

[13] L. Y. Hsu and H. T. Hu, “Robust blind image watermarking using crisscross inter-block prediction in the DCT domain,” J Vis Commun Image Represent, vol. 46, 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.jvcir.2017.03.009. Program Studi Ilmu Komputer (S2) Universitas Nusa Mandiri 50

[14] Y. Luo et al., “A multi-scale image watermarking based on integer wavelet transform and singular value decomposition,” Expert Syst Appl, vol. 168, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.eswa.2020.114272.

[15] F. Ernawan and D. Ariatmanto, “Image watermarking based on integer wavelet transform-singular value decomposition with variance pixels,” International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, vol. 9, no. 3, 2019, doi: 10.11591/ijece.v9i3.pp2185-2195.

[16] K. R. Chetan and S. Nirmala, “An efficient and secure robust watermarking scheme for document images using Integer wavelets and block coding of binary watermarks,” Journal of Information Security and Applications, vol. 24–25, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.jisa.2015.07.002.

[17] M. Grangetto, E. Magli, M. Martina, and G. Olmo, “Optimization and implementation of the integer wavelet transform for image coding,” IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 596–604, 2002, doi: 10.1109/TIP.2002.1014991.

[18] F. Y. Shih, Digital watermarking and steganography: Fundamentals and techniques, (second edition). 2017. doi: 10.1201/9781315121109.

[19] I. A. Ansari, M. Pant, and C. W. Ahn, “Robust and false positive free watermarking in IWT domain using SVD and ABC,” Eng Appl Artif Intell, vol. 49, pp. 114–125, 2016, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2015.12.004.

[20] J. G. F. Francis, “The QR Transformation--Part 2,” Comput J, vol. 4, no. 4, 1962, doi: 10.1093/comjnl/4.4.332.

[21] J. P. Gram, “Ueber die Entwickelung reeller Functionen in Reihen mittelst der Methode der kleinsten Quadrate,” Journal fur die Reine und Angewandte Mathematik, vol. 1883, no. 94, 1883, doi: 10.1515/crll.1883.94.41.

[22] A. S. Householder, “Unitary Triangularization of a Nonsymmetric Matrix,” Journal of the ACM (JACM), vol. 5, no. 4, 1958, doi: 10.1145/320941.320947.

[23] W. Givens, “Computation of Plain Unitary Rotations Transforming a General Matrix to Triangular Form,” Journal of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, vol. 6, no. 1, 1958, doi: 10.1137/0106004.

[24] X. S. Yang and X. He, “Firefly algorithm: recent advances and applications,” International Journal of Swarm Intelligence, vol. 1, no. 1, 2013, doi: 10.1504/ijsi.2013.055801.

[25] M. Ali and C. W. Ahn, “Comments on ‘optimized gray-scale image watermarking using DWT-SVD and Firefly Algorithm,’” Expert Syst Appl, vol. 42, no. 5, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.eswa.2014.10.045.

[26] M. Ali, C. W. Ahn, M. Pant, and P. Siarry, “An image watermarking scheme in wavelet domain with optimized compensation of singular value decomposition via artificial bee colony,” Inf Sci (N Y), vol. 301, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.ins.2014.12.042.

[27] M. Ali, C. W. Ahn, and P. Siarry, “Differential evolution algorithm for the selection of optimal scaling factors in image watermarking,” Eng Appl Artif Intell, vol. 31, 2014, doi: 10.1016/j.engappai.2013.07.009. Program Studi Ilmu Komputer (S2) Universitas Nusa Mandiri 51

[28] M. Ali, C. W. Ahn, and M. Pant, “A robust image watermarking technique using SVD and differential evolution in DCT domain,” Optik (Stuttg), vol. 125, no. 1, 2014, doi: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2013.06.082.

[29] Y. Naderahmadian and S. Hosseini-Khayat, “Fast and robust watermarking in still images based on QR decomposition,” Multimed Tools Appl, vol. 72, no. 3, 2014, doi: 10.1007/s11042-013-1559-9.

[30] L. Zhang and D. Wei, “Image watermarking based on matrix decomposition and gyrator transform in invariant integer wavelet domain,” Signal Processing, vol. 169, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.sigpro.2019.107421.